王翼印度进攻 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

王翼印度进攻,又称巴尔查体系(以Gedeon Barcza命名),是国际象棋半封闭开局的一种,走法包含为: e4 d3 Nd2 Ngf3 g3 Bg2 0-0

王翼印度进攻
abcdefgh
8
e4 white pawn
d3 white pawn
f3 white knight
g3 white pawn
a2 white pawn
b2 white pawn
c2 white pawn
d2 white knight
f2 white pawn
g2 white bishop
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
c1 white bishop
d1 white queen
f1 white rook
g1 white king
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
走法e4, d3,
Nd2, N(g)f3,
g3, Bg2,
0-0
ECO編號A07–A08
別名巴尔查体系

是一种特定的国际象棋开局。这种开局的特点是将中心兵移动到到e4和d3,马分别移动到到d2和f3,在王翼制造堡垒象,然后白方在国王侧进行王车易位。由后续移动后,堡垒象可以控制中心,而王车易位将国王移到安全的地方,同时让一只车进入中央。

与其他国际象棋开局不同,国王印度进攻并不是特定的出子顺序,而是白方的一种体系,在这个体系中,白方可以根据自己对局面的判断和黑方棋子的移动,可以改变出子顺序。当一局游戏以上述的大部分或所有的出子顺序开局且不包括其他开局的典型局面时,这局游戏可以被称为王翼印度进攻。

开局特点

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王翼印度进攻是黑方在古印度防御中采用的布局的镜像,故又被称作先手古印度开局。但是,由于白方的先手优势,接下来的对局形势往往与典型的古印度防御不同。

王翼印度进攻是一个封闭的,战略性的开局,它为使用者提供了常见的主题和战术,以及应对黑方各种防守的舒适的中盘。白方最常见的策略比如中心兵的推进,即e4–e5,从而形成中心优势,以及寻求对王翼易位的黑王的进攻机会。而黑方则占有更多的后翼空间。这种不对称性通常会导致激烈的中盘和精心构建的将杀

巴尔查体系

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abcdefgh
8
a8 black rook
b8 black knight
c8 black bishop
d8 black queen
e8 black king
f8 black bishop
g8 black knight
h8 black rook
a7 black pawn
b7 black pawn
c7 black pawn
e7 black pawn
f7 black pawn
g7 black pawn
h7 black pawn
d5 black pawn
f3 white knight
g3 white pawn
a2 white pawn
b2 white pawn
c2 white pawn
d2 white pawn
e2 white pawn
f2 white pawn
h2 white pawn
a1 white rook
b1 white knight
c1 white bishop
d1 white queen
e1 white king
f1 white bishop
h1 white rook
8
77
66
55
44
33
22
11
abcdefgh
1.Nf3 d5 2.g3

王翼印度进攻 (A07) : 1.Nf3 d5 2.g3 (见图) 通常黑方的回应: 2...Nf6, 2...c6, 2...Bg4, 2...c5, and 2...g6. 然后白方可以走 3.Bg2.

王翼印度进攻 (A08) : 1.Nf3 d5 2.g3 c5 3.Bg2.

参考文献

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  • Hall, John (1972): A Complete Opening System for White: King’s Indian Attack, Dallas: Chess Digest Magazine, no ISBN
  • Weinstein, Norman (1976): The King’s Indian Attack, Dallas: Chess Digest Magazine, no ISBN
  • Schiller, Eric (1989): How To Play The Kings Indian Attack, Moon Township: Chess Enterprises, ISBN 0931462959
  • Norwood, David (1991): King’s Indian Attack, London: Trends Publications, without ISBN
  • Tangborn, Eric (1992): A Fischer Favorite: The King’s Indian Attack – with 46 fully annotated Games, o.O.: International Chess Enterprises, ISBN 1-879479-07-9
  • Dunnington, Angus (1993): How to Play - The King’s Indian Attack - Openings, London: B.T. Batsford Ltd, ISBN 0-8050-2933-8
  • Henley, Ron and Hodges, Paul (1993): Power Play - The King’s Indian Attack, Hagerstown: R&D Publishing, ISBN 1-883358-02-7
  • Henley, Ron and Maddox, Don (1993): The ChessBase University BlueBook Guide To Winning With - The King’s Indian Attack, Hagerstown: R&D Publishing, ISBN 1-883358-00-0
  • Hall, John and Cartier, Jan R. (1996): Modern King’s Indian Attack – A Complete System for White, Dallas Texas: Hays Publishing, ISBN 1-880673-11-8
  • New In Chess Yearbook (1998): King's Indian Attack: Black castles kingside, Alkmaar: Interchess BV, Vol. 49, ISBN 90-5691-044-2, p. 186-190
  • New In Chess Yearbook (1999): King's Indian Attack, Alkmaar: Interchess BV, Vol. 50, ISBN 90-5691-047-7, p.182-186
  • Maddox, Don (2002): Königsindischer Angriff - Schach Training, Hamburg: ChessBase GmbH, ISBN 3-935602-51-0
  • New In Chess Yearbook (2005): King's Indian Attack, Alkmaar: Interchess BV, Vol. 76, ISBN 90-5691-155-4, p. 228-232
  • Dzindzichashvili, Roman (2005): Easy Way to Learn The King’s Indian Attack, Internet: ChessDVDs.com, Roman’s Lab, Volume 28, Nr. 7-37885-35839-1
  • Davies, Nigel (2008): King’s Indian Attack, Hamburg: ChessBase GmbH, fritztrainer opening, ISBN 978-3-86681-071-6