SAR超类群 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书

SAR超类群; 化石时期：736–0 Ma 显生宙元古宙太古宙冥古宙
科学分类
域：	真核域 Eukaryota
演化支：	多貌生物 Diaphoretickes
演化支：	TSAR
演化支：	SAR 超类群 SAR; Burki et al., 2007
下級分類
	不等鞭毛总门 Heterokonta; 囊泡虫总门 Alveolata; 有孔虫界 Rhizaria;
異名
	Harosa Cavalier-Smith, 2010;

SAR超类群又名HAR生物亚界（學名：Harosa）^[2]，是一个真核生物分類單元，包括不等鞭毛生物（Heterokonta，又名Stramenopiles)、囊泡虫（Alveolates）和有孔虫（Rhizaria）^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]，“SAR”即為這三個分類單元的拉丁名稱首字母組合。

它包括大部分原屬於囊泡藻界的生物，但不包括Hacrobia（英语：Hacrobia）。

本類群的姐妹群為网鞭虫门（Telonemia），二者一同組成TSAR超类群。

定義

SAR超类群被定義為“包含了有孔虫類比奇洛藻（Bigelowiella natans Moestrup & Sengco 2001）、囊泡虫類四膜虫（Tetrahymena thermophila Nanney & McCoy 1976）以及不等鞭毛類伪矮海链藻（Thalassiosira pseudonana Cleve 1873）的最小演化支”，由於這三個物種均為現生種，故SAR超类群依照此定義將會是一個“結點分支”或冠群^[7]。

參考文獻

^ Parfrey, Laura Wegener; Lahr, Daniel J. G.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Katz, Laura A. Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with multigene molecular clocks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. August 16, 2011, 108 (33): 13624–13629. Bibcode:2011PNAS..10813624P. PMC 3158185 . PMID 21810989. doi:10.1073/pnas.1110633108.
^ Cavalier-Smith T. Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree. Biol. Lett.. June 2010, 6 (3): 342–5 [2013-01-02]. PMC 2880060 . PMID 20031978. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948. （原始内容存档于2020-05-20）.
^ Archibald JM. The puzzle of plastid evolution. Curr. Biol.. January 2009, 19 (2): R81–8 [2013-01-02]. PMID 19174147. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.067. （原始内容存档于2019-11-28）.
^ Burki F, Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge M; et al. Butler, Geraldine , 编. Phylogenomics reshuffles the eukaryotic supergroups. PLoS ONE. 2007, 2 (8): e790 [2013-01-02]. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..790B. PMC 1949142 . PMID 17726520. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000790. （原始内容存档于2020-05-09）.
^ Hampl V, Hug L, Leigh JW; et al. Phylogenomic analyses support the monophyly of Excavata and resolve relationships among eukaryotic "supergroups". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.. March 2009, 106 (10): 3859–64 [2013-01-02]. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.3859H. PMC 2656170 . PMID 19237557. doi:10.1073/pnas.0807880106. （原始内容存档于2020-04-10）.
^ Frommolt R, Werner S, Paulsen H; et al. Ancient recruitment by chromists of green algal genes encoding enzymes for carotenoid biosynthesis. Mol. Biol. Evol.. December 2008, 25 (12): 2653–67 [2013-01-02]. PMID 18799712. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn206. （原始内容存档于2009-07-07）.
^ Adl, Sina M.; Simpson, Alastair. G.; Lane, Christopher E.; Lukeš, Julius; Bass, David; Bowser, Samuel S.; Brown, Matt; Burki, Fabien; Dunthorn, Micah. The revised classification of eukaryotes. The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology. 2012-9, 59 (5): 429–493 [2020-05-09]. ISSN 1066-5234. PMC 3483872 . PMID 23020233. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x. （原始内容存档于2022-10-28）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)

[Parfrey2011-1] Parfrey, Laura Wegener; Lahr, Daniel J. G.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Katz, Laura A. Estimating the timing of early eukaryotic diversification with multigene molecular clocks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. August 16, 2011, 108 (33): 13624–13629. Bibcode:2011PNAS..10813624P. PMC 3158185 . PMID 21810989. doi:10.1073/pnas.1110633108.

[pmid20031978-2] Cavalier-Smith T. Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree. Biol. Lett.. June 2010, 6 (3): 342–5 [2013-01-02]. PMC 2880060 . PMID 20031978. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948. （原始内容存档于2020-05-20）.

[pmid19174147-3] Archibald JM. The puzzle of plastid evolution. Curr. Biol.. January 2009, 19 (2): R81–8 [2013-01-02]. PMID 19174147. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.11.067. （原始内容存档于2019-11-28）.

[pmid17726520-4] Burki F, Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge M; et al. Butler, Geraldine , 编. Phylogenomics reshuffles the eukaryotic supergroups. PLoS ONE. 2007, 2 (8): e790 [2013-01-02]. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2..790B. PMC 1949142 . PMID 17726520. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000790. （原始内容存档于2020-05-09）.

[pmid19237557-5] Hampl V, Hug L, Leigh JW; et al. Phylogenomic analyses support the monophyly of Excavata and resolve relationships among eukaryotic "supergroups". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.. March 2009, 106 (10): 3859–64 [2013-01-02]. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.3859H. PMC 2656170 . PMID 19237557. doi:10.1073/pnas.0807880106. （原始内容存档于2020-04-10）.

[pmid18799712-6] Frommolt R, Werner S, Paulsen H; et al. Ancient recruitment by chromists of green algal genes encoding enzymes for carotenoid biosynthesis. Mol. Biol. Evol.. December 2008, 25 (12): 2653–67 [2013-01-02]. PMID 18799712. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn206. （原始内容存档于2009-07-07）.

[Adl2012-7] Adl, Sina M.; Simpson, Alastair. G.; Lane, Christopher E.; Lukeš, Julius; Bass, David; Bowser, Samuel S.; Brown, Matt; Burki, Fabien; Dunthorn, Micah. The revised classification of eukaryotes. The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology. 2012-9, 59 (5): 429–493 [2020-05-09]. ISSN 1066-5234. PMC 3483872 . PMID 23020233. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x. （原始内容存档于2022-10-28）. 请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]