2019 in paleontology

List of years in paleontology (table)
In paleobotany
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In arthropod paleontology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In paleoentomology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In paleomalacology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In paleoichthyology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In reptile paleontology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In archosaur paleontology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
In mammal paleontology
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2019.

Flora

[edit]

Plants

[edit]

Fungi

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Chaetosphaeria elsikii[2]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pound et al.

Miocene

Brassington Formation

 United Kingdom

A fungus, a species of Chaetosphaeria.

Meliolinites neogenicus[3]

Sp. nov

Valid

Khan, Bera & Bera

Late Pliocene to early Pleistocene

Kimin Formation

 India

A fungus belonging to the family Meliolaceae.

Meliolinites pliocenicus[4]

Sp. nov

Valid

Bera, Khan & Bera

Pliocene

Subansiri Formation

 India

A fungus belonging to the family Meliolaceae.

Ophiocordyceps dominicanus[5]

Sp. nov

Valid

Poinar & Vega

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

 Dominican Republic

A fungus, a species of Ophiocordyceps. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Ourasphaira[6]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Loron et al.

MesoproterozoicNeoproterozoic transition

Grassy Bay Formation

 Canada

A process-bearing multicellular eukaryotic microorganism. Argued to be an early fungus by Loron et al. (2019).[7] Genus includes new species O. giraldae.

Palaeoglomus strotheri[8]

Sp. nov

Valid

Retallack

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lenoir Formation

 United States
( Tennessee)

Phomites neogenicus[9]

Sp. nov

Valid

Vishnu, Khan & Bera in Vishnu et al.

Neogene

 India

A fungus similar to members of the genus Phoma.

Phomites siwalicus[9]

Sp. nov

Valid

Vishnu, Khan & Bera in Vishnu et al.

Neogene

 India

A fungus similar to members of the genus Phoma.

Polycephalomyces baltica[5]

Sp. nov

Valid

Poinar & Vega

Priabonian

Baltic amber

 Russia
( Kaliningrad Oblast)

A fungus belonging to the family Ophiocordycipitaceae. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Priscadvena[10]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Poinar & Vega

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

Burmese amber

 Myanmar

A kickxellomycotine trichomycete in the new order Priscadvenales.
Type species P. corymbosa.

Prototaxites honeggeri[8]

Sp. nov

Valid

Retallack

Ordovician (Darriwilian)

Lenoir Formation

 United States
( Tennessee)

Rhexoampullifera stogieana[2]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pound et al.

Miocene

Brassington Formation

 United Kingdom

A fungus belonging to the group Ascomycota.

Rhexoampullifera sufflata[2]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pound et al.

Miocene

Brassington Formation

 United Kingdom

A fungus belonging to the group Ascomycota.

Paleomycological research

[edit]

Sponges

[edit]

Research

[edit]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Acanthochaetetes huauclillensis[17]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sánchez-Beristain, García-Barrera & Moreno-Bedmar

Early Cretaceous (late Hauterivian to early Barremian)

 Mexico

A chaetetid sponge.

Allosacus pedunculatus[18]

Sp. nov

Valid

Carrera & Sumrall

Ordovician

Lenoir Limestone

 United States
( Tennessee)

A member of the family Streptosolenidae.

Auraeopirania[19]

Gen. et comb. et 3 sp. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Ordovician

Fezouata Formation
Llanfallteg Formation
Ningkuo Formation

 China
 Morocco
 United Kingdom

A member of Protomonaxonida belonging to the family Piraniidae. The type species is "Pirania" auraeum Botting (2007); genus also includes new species A. pinwyddeni, A. pykitia and A. sciurucauda.

Cannapirania[19]

Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Ordovician

Llanfawr Mudstones Formation
Wenchang Formation

 China
 United Kingdom

A member of Protomonaxonida belonging to the family Piraniidae. The type species is C. canna; genus also includes new species C. vermiformis', as well as "Pirania" llanfawrensis Botting (2004).

Carduispongia[20]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Nadhira et al.

Silurian (Wenlock)

Coalbrookdale Formation

 United Kingdom

A sponge, possibly a calcareous sponge. The type species is C. pedicula.

Centrosia clavata[21]

Sp. nov

Valid

Świerczewska-Gładysz, Jurkowska & Niedźwiedzki

Late Cretaceous (late Turonian)

Opole Basin

 Poland

A hexactinellid sponge belonging to the family Callodictyonidae.

Crateromorpha opolensis[21]

Sp. nov

Valid

Świerczewska-Gładysz, Jurkowska & Niedźwiedzki

Late Cretaceous (late Turonian and early Coniacian)

Opole Basin

 Poland

A hexactinellid sponge belonging to the family Rossellidae.

Cystostroma primordia[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

Jeon et al.

Ordovician (Floian to Darriwilian)

Duwibong Formation
Hunghuayuan Formation

 China
 South Korea

A member of Stromatoporoidea.

Eoghanospongia[23]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Silurian (Telychian)

 United Kingdom

A hexactinellid sponge. Genus includes new species E. carlinslowpensis. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Hamptonia jianhensis[24]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Cambrian Stage 4

 China

A sponge.

Jianhella[25]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Cambrian Stage 4

Balang Formation

 China

A leptomitid sponge. Genus includes new species J. obconica.

Monoplectroninia malonei[26]

Sp. nov

Valid

McSweeney, Buckeridge & Kelly

Early Miocene

Batesford Limestone

 Australia

A calcareous sponge belonging to the family Minchinellidae.

Pachastrella rara[21]

Sp. nov

Valid

Świerczewska-Gładysz, Jurkowska & Niedźwiedzki

Late Cretaceous (late Turonian)

Opole Basin

 Poland

A demosponge belonging to the family Pachastrellidae.

Palaeorossella[27]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Li et al.

Latest Ordovician

 China

A rossellid hexactinellid sponge. Genus includes new species P. sinensis.

Pellipirania[19]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Ordovician (Tremadocian)

Fezouata Formation

 Morocco

A member of Protomonaxonida belonging to the family Piraniidae. The type species is P. gloria.

Pirania? ericia[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Ordovician (Tremadocian)

Dol-Cyn-Afon Formation

 United Kingdom

A member of Protomonaxonida belonging to the family Piraniidae.

Pirania? peregrinata[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Ordovician (Floian)

Ningkuo Formation

 China

A member of Protomonaxonida belonging to the family Piraniidae.

Pseudoleptomitus[28]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Botting et al.

Early Triassic

 United States

A sponge belonging to the group Protomonaxonida and to the family Leptomitidae. Genus includes new species P. advenus.

Rugocoelia loudonensis[18]

Sp. nov

Valid

Carrera & Sumrall

Ordovician

Lenoir Limestone

 United States
( Tennessee)

A member of the family Anthaspidellidae.

Subsphaerospongia[29]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Bizzarini

Late Triassic

 Italy

A sponge; a new genus for "Stellispongia" subsphaerica Dieci, Antonacci & Zardini (1970).

Teganiella finksi[30]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mouro et al.

Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian)

Mecca Quarry Shale

 United States

Vasispongia[31]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Tang & Xiao in Tang et al.

Cambrian Stage 2

Hetang Formation

 China

A sponge of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is V. sinensis.

Vauxia leioia[32]

Sp. nov

Valid

Luo, Zhao & Zeng

Cambrian Stage 3

 China

A vauxiid sponge.

Cnidarians

[edit]

Research

[edit]
  • A study on the growth characteristics of three species of Ordovician corals belonging to the genus Agetolites from the Xiazhen Formation (China), and on their implications for inferring phylogenetic relationships of this genus, is published by Sun, Elias & Lee (2019).[33]
  • A study on a large colonial rugose coral from the Ordovician Kope Formation (Kentucky, United States) is published by Harris et al. (2019).[34]
  • A study on the morphology, growth characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of the Silurian tabulate coral Halysites catenularius is published by Liang, Elias & Lee (2019).[35]
  • Fossils of tabulate corals without septa, representing the first evidence that unmetamorphosed, slightly indurated Paleozoic sandstones crop out amidst the deposits of the Atlantic Coastal Plain Province of the United States, are reported from South Carolina by Landmeyer et al. (2019).[36] This finding is strongly disputed because all other rocks of Paleozoic age in the study area are greatly metamorphosed, the rocks where the fossils were found are traditionally mapped as the Cretaceous Middendorf Formation, and it is suggested that the fossils in question are the bark of Cretaceous conifers in Cretaceous sandstone, instead of Paleozoic corals in Paleozoic sandstone.[37]
  • A study aiming to determine whether ecological selection based on physiology, behavior, habitat, etc. played a role in the long-term survival of corals during the late Paleocene and early Eocene is published by Weiss & Martindale (2019).[38]
  • Fossils of Acropora prolifera dating back to the Pleistocene are reported by Precht et al. (2019).[39]
  • A study on the distribution of reef corals during the last interglacial is published by Jones et al. (2019), who also evaluate the utility of fossil reef coral data for predictions of impact of future climate changes on reef corals.[40]
  • A study on a problematic fossil specimen from the Devonian Ponta Grossa Formation (Brazil), assigned by different authors to the species Serpulites sica or Euzebiola clarkei, is published by Van Iten et al. (2019), who interpret this fossil as a medusozoan capable of clonal budding, and transfer it to the genus Sphenothallus.[41]
  • The oldest mesophotic coral ecosystems, dating back to middle Silurian, from the Lower Visby Beds on Gotland have been described by Zapalski & Berkowski.[42] These communities, dominated by platy corals give also clues about the onset of coral-algal symbiosis.
  • Mihaljević (2019) describes new fossil coral collections from the Oligocene and Miocene of Sarawak (Malaysia), Negros Island and Cebu (the Philippines).[43]
  • A study on the anatomy, ontogeny and taxonomy of the Norian hydrozoan Heterastridium, based on data from fossil specimens from central Iran and south Turkey, is published by Senowbari-Daryan & Link (2019).[44]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Amygdalophylloides omarai[45]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kora, Herbig & El Desouky

Carboniferous (Moscovian)

Rod El Hamal Formation

 Egypt

A rugose coral.

Antillia coatesi[46]

Sp. nov

Valid

Budd & Klaus in Budd et al.

Late Miocene–late Pliocene

Bowden Formation
Gurabo Formation
Mao Formation
Old Bank Formation

 Dominican Republic
 Jamaica
 Panama

A coral belonging to the subfamily Mussinae.

Aulopora chiharai[47]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niko, Ibaraki & Tazawa

Devonian

 Japan

Bothrophyllum cylindricum[45]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kora, Herbig & El Desouky

Carboniferous (Moscovian)

Rod El Hamal Formation

 Egypt

A rugose coral.

Bothrophyllum suezensis[45]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kora, Herbig & El Desouky

Carboniferous (Moscovian)

Rod El Hamal Formation

 Egypt

A rugose coral.

Ceratophyllum simplex[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liao & Liang

Devonian (Givetian)

Wenglai Formation

 China

A rugose coral.

Conopora alloporoides[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Conopora forticula[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Crypthelia ingens[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Crypthelia zibrowii[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Cyathophyllum wenglaiense[48]

Sp. nov

Valid

Liao & Liang

Devonian (Givetian)

Wenglai Formation

 China

A rugose coral.

Cystiphylloides marennense[50]

Sp. nov

Valid

Coen-Aubert

Devonian (Givetian)

Mont d'Haurs Formation

 Belgium

A rugose coral belonging to the family Cystiphyllidae. Originally described as a species of Cystiphylloides, but subsequently made the type species of the separate genus Marennophyllum.[51]

Devonodiscus[52]

Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov

Valid

Pedder

Devonian

 Canada
 Colombia
 Russia
 Australia?
 China?
 United States?
 Vietnam?

A coral. The type species is D. latisubex; genus also includes new species D. pedderi,[53] "Combophyllum" multiradiatum Meek (1868), "Glossophyllum" discoideum Soshkina (1936) and possibly also "Hadrophyllum" wellingtonense Packham (1954) and "Glossophyllum" clebroseptatum Kravtsov (1975).

Dirimia[54]

Gen. et 6 sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski & Ohar

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

 Ukraine

A rugose coral belonging to the family Kumpanophyllidae. The type species is D. multiplexa; genus also includes D. similis, D. recessia, D. composita, D. extrema and D. nana.

Distichopora patula[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Gyanyimaphyllum[55]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral. Genus includes new species G. crassiseptatum.

Heritschioides simplex[56]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski, Bamber & Richards

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

Mattson Formation

 Canada
( Northwest Territories)

A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Aulophyllidae.

Hispaniastraea ousriorum[57]

Sp. nov

Valid

Boivin, Vasseur & Lathuilière in Boivin et al.

Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)

 Morocco

An anthozoan, possibly a member of Hexanthiniaria.

Ipciphyllum floricolumellum[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Ipciphyllum naoticum[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Ipciphyllum zandaense[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Isophyllia jacksoni[46]

Sp. nov

Valid

Budd & Klaus in Budd et al.

Late Miocene–early Pleistocene

Cercado Formation
Gurabo Formation
Los Haitises Formation
Mao Formation
Seroe Domi Formation

 Curaçao
 Dominican Republic

A species of Isophyllia.

Isophyllia maoensis[46]

Sp. nov

Valid

Budd & Klaus in Budd et al.

Late Miocene–early Pleistocene

Cercado Formation
Gurabo Formation
Isla Colón Formation
Mao Formation

 Dominican Republic
 Panama

A species of Isophyllia.

Kumpanophyllum columellatum[58]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

 Ukraine

A rugose coral belonging to the family Kumpanophyllidae.

Kumpanophyllum decessum[58]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

 Ukraine

A rugose coral belonging to the family Kumpanophyllidae.

Kumpanophyllum levis[58]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

 Ukraine

A rugose coral belonging to the family Kumpanophyllidae.

Kumpanophyllum praecox[58]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

 Ukraine

A rugose coral belonging to the family Kumpanophyllidae.

Lepidopora fistulosa[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Nemistium liardense[56]

Sp. nov

Valid

Fedorowski, Bamber & Richards

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

Mattson Formation

 Canada
( Northwest Territories)

A rugose coral belonging to the group Stauriida and the family Lithostrotionidae.

Neorylstonia[59]

Nom. nov

Valid

Vasseur et al.

Early Jurassic (Sinemurian to Pliensbachian)

 Morocco

A stony coral belonging to the group Caryophylliina and the superfamily Volzeioidea; a replacement name for Mesophyllum Beauvais (1986).

Octapyrgites[60]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Guo et al.

Cambrian Stage 2

Yanjiahe Formation

 China

An olivooid medusozoan. Genus includes new species O. elongatus.

Paraconularia kikapu[61]

Sp. nov

Valid

Quiroz-Barroso, Sour-Tovar & Quiroz-Barragán

Permian

Las Delicias Formation

 Mexico

A member of Conulariida.

Paraconularia kingii[61]

Sp. nov

Valid

Quiroz-Barroso, Sour-Tovar & Quiroz-Barragán

Permian

Las Delicias Formation

 Mexico

A member of Conulariida.

Pliobothrus nielseni[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Pliobothrus striatus[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A member of the family Stylasteridae.

Procteria (Granulidictyum) alechinskyi[53]

Sp. nov

In press

Plusquellec

Devonian (Emsian)

Floresta Formation

 Colombia

A tabulate coral belonging to the group Favositida and the family Micheliniidae.

Scolymia meederi[46]

Sp. nov

Valid

Budd & Klaus in Budd et al.

Late Pliocene

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A species of Scolymia.

Scolymia tamiamiensis[46]

Sp. nov

Valid

Budd & Klaus in Budd et al.

Late Pliocene

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A species of Scolymia.

Septuconularia[62]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Guo et al.

Cambrian Stage 2

Yanjiahe Formation

 China

A hexangulaconulariid. Genus includes new species S. yanjiaheensis.

Sinkiangopora kawanoi[63]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niko & Fujikawa

Permian

Zomeki Limestone

 Japan

A tabulate coral.

Stephanocoenia annae[64]

Sp. nov

Valid

Löser

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 Mexico
 United States

A stony coral belonging to the group Astrocoeniina.

Stylaster digitiformis[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A species of Stylaster.

Stylaster multicavus[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A species of Stylaster.

Stylaster tuberosus[49]

Sp. nov

Valid

Cairns

Miocene (Messinian)

 Spain

A species of Stylaster.

Thamnophyllum godefroidi[50]

Sp. nov

Valid

Coen-Aubert

Devonian (Givetian)

Mont d'Haurs Formation

 Belgium

A rugose coral belonging to the family Phillipsastreidae.

Thamnopora sumitaensis[65]

Sp. nov

Valid

Niko

Middle Devonian

Kamiarisu Formation

 Japan

A tabulate coral belonging to the order Favositida and the family Pachyporidae.

Trachyphyllia mcneilli[46]

Sp. nov

Valid

Budd & Klaus in Budd et al.

Late Miocene–late Pliocene

Cercado Formation
Gurabo Formation
Mao Formation
Old Bank Formation
Seroe Domi Formation

 Curaçao
 Dominican Republic
 Panama

A relative of the open brain coral.

Waagenophyllum clisicolumellum[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Waagenophyllum gyanyimaense[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Waagenophyllum intermedium[55]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wang et al.

Permian (Changhsingian)

 China

A rugose coral.

Arthropods

[edit]

Bryozoans

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Adeonellopsis keralaensis[66]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Badve

Miocene (Burdigalian)

Quilon Beds

 India

A cheilostome bryozoan.

Aluis[67]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

López-Gappa & Pérez

Miocene (Burdigalian)

Chenque Formation
Monte León Formation
Puesto del Museo Formation

 Argentina

A cheilostome bryozoan belonging to the family Chaperiidae. Genus includes new species A. spinettai.

Atlantisina mylaensis[68]

Sp. nov

Valid

Rosso & Sciuto

Early Pleistocene (Gelasian)

 Italy

Ceriocava scholzi[69]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha et al.

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 Germany

A putative cerioporine cyclostome.

Characodoma multiavicularia[70]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino & Taylor in Di Martino et al.

Miocene

 Indonesia

A species of Characodoma.

Charixa bispinata[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cheilostomata.

Charixa emanuelae[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cheilostomata.

Charixa sexspinata[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cheilostomata.

Devonavictoria[72]

Nom. nov

Valid

Hernández

Devonian

 Russia

A rhabdomesid bryozoan; a replacement name for Salairella Mesentseva (2015).

Evactinopora mangeri[73]

Sp. nov

Valid

Yancey et al.

Carboniferous (Mississippian)

North America

A member of Cystoporata.

Gigantopora vartonensis[74]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pedramara et al.

Miocene

Qom Formation

 Iran

Homotrypa niagarensis[75]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst, Brett & Wilson

Silurian (Aeronian)

Reynales Formation

 United States

A trepostome bryozoan.

Hyporosopora keera[76]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cyclostomatida.

Iyarispora[71]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cheilostomata. Genus includes new species I. ikaanakiteeh and I. chiass.

Lacrimula patriciae[70]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino & Taylor in Di Martino et al.

Miocene

 Indonesia

An ascophoran-grade cheilostome.

Leioclema adsuetum[75]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst, Brett & Wilson

Silurian (Aeronian)

Reynales Formation

 United States

A trepostome bryozoan.

Leptotrypa lipovkiensis[77]

Sp. nov

Valid

Tolokonnikova & Pakhnevich

Devonian (Famennian)

Zadonsk Formation

 Russia

A trepostome bryozoan.

Mesonopora bernardwalteri[76]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cyclostomatida.

Micropora stellata[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino, Taylor & Portell

Pliocene (Piacenzian)

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A species of Micropora.

Microporella sarasotaensis[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino, Taylor & Portell

Pliocene (Piacenzian)

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A member of Ascophora belonging to the family Microporellidae.

Microporella tamiamiensis[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino, Taylor & Portell

Pliocene (Piacenzian)

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A member of Ascophora belonging to the family Microporellidae.

Moyerella parva[75]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ernst, Brett & Wilson

Silurian (Aeronian)

Reynales Formation

 United States

A rhabdomesine cryptostome bryozoan.

Oncousoecia khirar[76]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cyclostomatida.

Pinegopora chilensis[79]

Sp. nov

Valid

Carrera et al.

Permian

Cerro El Árbol Formation

 Chile

A member of Cryptostomata belonging to the group Rhabdomesina and to the family Nikiforovellidae.

Pourtalesella chiarae[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino, Taylor & Portell

Pliocene (Piacenzian)

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A member of Ascophora belonging to the family Celleporidae.

Pseudidmonea debodeae[80]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino & Taylor

Early Miocene

Forest Hill Limestone

 New Zealand

A pseudidmoneid cyclostome.

Pseudidmonea oretiensis[80]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino & Taylor

Early Miocene

Forest Hill Limestone

 New Zealand

A pseudidmoneid cyclostome.

Pseudobathystomella mira[81]

Sp. nov

Valid

Koromyslova, Martha & Pakhnevich

Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)

 Turkmenistan

A cheilostome bryozoan belonging to the superfamily Lepralielloidea.

Ptilotrypa bajpaii[82]

Sp. nov

Valid

Swami et al.

Ordovician (Katian)

Yong Limestone

 India

A member of Cryptostomata.

Reptomultisparsa mclemoreae[76]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cyclostomatida.

Rhammatopora glenrosa[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Cheilostomata.

Simplicidium jontoddi[71]

Sp. nov

Valid

Martha, Taylor & Rader

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

 United States

A member of Ctenostomatida.

Skylonia malabarica[66]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Badve

Miocene (Burdigalian)

Quilon Beds

 India

A cheilostome bryozoan.

Spiniflabellum laurae[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino, Taylor & Portell

Pliocene (Piacenzian)

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A member of Ascophora belonging to the family Cribrilinidae.

Stenosipora? cribrata[70]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino & Taylor in Di Martino et al.

Miocene

 Indonesia

An ascophoran-grade cheilostome.

Stylopoma warkhalensis[66]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Badve

Miocene (Burdigalian)

Quilon Beds

 India

A cheilostome bryozoan.

Tobolocella[83]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Koromyslova, Pakhnevich & Fedorov

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

 Kazakhstan

A cheilostome bryozoan. Genus includes new species T. levinae.

Trypostega composita[78]

Sp. nov

Valid

Di Martino, Taylor & Portell

Pliocene (Piacenzian)

Tamiami Formation

 United States

A member of Ascophora belonging to the family Trypostegidae.

Uzbekipora[81]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Koromyslova, Martha & Pakhnevich

Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)

 Uzbekistan

A cheilostome bryozoan belonging to the superfamily Lepralielloidea. The type species is "Porina" anplievae Favorskaya (1992).

Vincularia taylori[66]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sonar & Badve

Miocene (Burdigalian)

Quilon Beds

 India

A cheilostome bryozoan.

Brachiopods

[edit]

Molluscs

[edit]

Echinoderms

[edit]

Research

[edit]
  • A study on the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the putative stem-echinoderm Yanjiahella biscarpa is published by Topper et al. (2019);[84] the study is subsequently criticized by Zamora et al. (2020).[85][86]
  • Soft tissue traces found in conjunction with skeletal molds are described in stylophorans by Lefebvre et al. (2019), who interpret their findings as supporting echinoderm and not hemichordate-like affinities of stylophorans.[87]
  • A study on the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the lepidocystoid echinoderm Vyscystis is published by Nohejlová et al. (2019).[88]
  • A study on the phylogenetic relationships of diploporitan blastozoans is published by Sheffield & Sumrall (2019).[89]
  • A study on the morphology of the feeding ambulacral system in the Ordovician diploporitan Eumorphocystis, as indicated by data from well-preserved specimens from the Bromide Formation (Oklahoma, United States), is published by Sheffield & Sumrall (2019), who interpret their findings as indicating that Eumorphocystis was closely related to crinoids and that crinoids are nested within blastozoans;[90] their conclusions about the relationship between Eumorphocystis and crinoids are subsequently contested by Guensburg et al. (2020).[91]
  • A study on the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of Macurdablastus uniplicatus is published by Bauer, Waters & Sumrall (2019).[92]
  • A study on the morphology and phylogenetic relationships of Hexedriocystis is published online by Zamora & Sumrall (2019), who consider this taxon to be a blastozoan.[93]
  • A study on the paleoecology of the specimens of the edrioasteroid Neoisorophusella lanei preserved in limestone slabs from the Carboniferous (Chesterian) Kinkaid Formation (Illinois, United States) is published by Shroat-Lewis, Greenwood & Sumrall (2019).[94]
  • A study on the morphology of Cupulocrinus and on its implications for inferring the origin of the flexible crinoids is published by Peter (2019).[95]
  • A study on the phylogenetic relationships of diplobathrid crinoids is published by Cole (2019).[96]
  • A study on the biological and ecological controls on duration of diplobathrid crinoid genera is published online by Cole (2019).[97]
  • A study on the macro-evolutionary patterns of body-size trends of cyrtocrinid crinoids is published by Brom (2019).[98]
  • A study on patterns of paleocommunity structure and niche partitioning in crinoids from the Ordovician (Katian) Brechin Lagerstätte (Ontario, Canada) is published by Cole, Wright & Ausich (2019).[99]
  • A study on the anatomy of the nervous and circulatory systems of the Cretaceous crinoid Decameros ricordeanus and on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published online by Saulsbury & Zamora (2019).[100]
  • A study on the substrate preference in stem group sea urchins during the Carboniferous Period will be published by Thompson & Bottjer (2019).[101]
  • A study on Early Triassic recovery of sea urchins after the Permian–Triassic extinction event is published by Pietsch et al. (2019).[102]
  • A fossil brittle star belonging to the genus Ophiopetra, representing the first record of articulated brittle star from the Mesozoic of South America reported so far, is described from the Lower Cretaceous Agua de la Mula Member of the Agrio Formation (Argentina) by Fernández et al. (2019), who transfer the genus Ophiopetra to the family Ophionereididae within the order Amphilepidida.[103]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Acanthocrinus carsli[104]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Zamora

Devonian (Emsian)

Mariposas Formation

 Spain

A camerate crinoid.

Applinocrinus striatus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Archaeocidaris ivanovi[106]

Sp. nov

Valid

Thompson & Mirantsev in Thompson et al.

Carboniferous

 Russia

A sea urchin.

Astrosombra[107]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Thuy, Gale & Numberger-Thuy

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)

 Germany

A brittle star belonging to the family Amphilimnidae. The type species is A. rammsteinensis.

Athenacrinus[108]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Guensburg et al.

Ordovician

Fillmore Formation

 United States
( Utah)

A crinoid belonging to the group Disparida. The type species is A. broweri.

Becsciecrinus groulxi[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid.

Binocalix[110]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

McDermott & Paul

Late Ordovician

 United Kingdom

An aristocystitid diploporite. Genus includes new species B. dichotomus.

Bucucrinus isotaloi[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid.

Carstenicrinus[111]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Roux, Eléaume & Améziane

Late Cretaceous (Campanian and Maastrichtian) and Paleocene (Danian)

 Denmark
 Germany
 Turkmenistan

A crinoid. The type species is "Apiocrinus" constrictus von Hagenow in Quenstedt (1876); genus also includes "Bourgueticrinus" baculatus Klikushin (1982) and "Bourgueticrinus" danicus Brünnich Nielsen (1913).

Caveacrinus[105]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is C. asymmetricus; genus also includes C. serratus.

Cholaster whitei[112]

Sp. nov

Valid

Blake & Nestell

Carboniferous (Chesterian)

Bangor Limestone

 United States

A brittle star.

Conocrinus cahuzaci[111]

Sp. nov

Valid

Roux, Eléaume & Améziane

Eocene (Bartonian)

 France

A crinoid.

Costatocrinus elegans[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Costatocrinus erismus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Costatocrinus rostratus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Crassicoma cretacea[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Crassicoma veulesensis[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 France

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Culicocrinus breimeri[104]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Zamora

Devonian (Emsian)

Mariposas Formation

 Spain

A camerate crinoid.

Dendrocrinus simcoensis[113]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wright, Cole & Ausich

Ordovician (Katian)

Brechin Lagerstätte

 Canada
( Ontario)

A crinoid belonging to the group Cladida.

Dentatocrinus[105]

Gen. et 4 sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is D. dentatus; genus also includes D. minutus, D. compactus and D. hoyezi.

Drepanocrinus marocensis[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 Morocco
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Drepanocrinus striatulus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Echinolampas veracruzensis[114]

Sp. nov

Valid

Buitrón-Sánchez et al.

Oligocene

Coatzintla formation

 Mexico

A sea urchin belonging to the family Echinolampadidae.

Echinosphaerites dianae[115]

Sp. nov

In press

Zamora et al.

Late Ordovician

 Morocco

A rhombiferan blastozoan. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet.

Eotiaris teseroensis[116]

Sp. nov

Valid

Thompson et al.

Permian-Triassic boundary (latest Changhsingian–early Induan)

Werfen Formation

 Italy

A sea urchin belonging to the group Cidaroida and to the family Miocidaridae.

Euglyphocrinus[105]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Gale

Cretaceous (Albian and Cenomanian)

 Morocco
 United States
( Texas)

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae. The type species is "Roveacrinus" euglypheus Peck (1943); genus also includes "R." pyramidalis Peck (1943).

Euspirocrinus hintsae[117]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich, Wilson & Toom

Silurian (Rhuddanian)

 Estonia

A eucladid crinoid.

Falloaster[118]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Blake, Gahn & Guensburg

Ordovician (Floian)

Garden City Formation

 United States
( Idaho)

A member of Asterozoa of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Genus includes new species F. anquiroisitus.

Gamiroaster[119]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Reid et al.

Early Devonian

Voorstehoek Formation

 South Africa

A brittle star belonging to the family Protasteridae. The type species is G. tempestatis.

Heloambocolumnus[120]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Donovan & Doyle

Carboniferous (Bashkirian)

Clare Shale Formation

 Ireland

A crinoid. Genus includes new species Heloambocolumnus (col.) harperi.

Hessicrinus primus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Hessicrinus robustus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Coniacan)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Hessicrinus thoracifer[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian and Coniacan)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Homocystites adidiensis[115]

Sp. nov

In press

Zamora et al.

Late Ordovician

 Morocco

A rhombiferan blastozoan. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it is not published yet.

Hyattechinus anglicus[121]

Sp. nov

Valid

Thompson & Ewin

Devonian (Famennian)

Pilton Mudstone Formation

 United Kingdom

A sea urchin.

Jovacrinus clarki[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid.

Kalanacrinus[122]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ausich, Wilson & Tinn

Silurian (Aeronian)

 Estonia

A camerate crinoid. Genus includes new species K. mastikae.

Konieckicrinus[113]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Wright, Cole & Ausich

Ordovician (Katian)

Brechin Lagerstätte

 Canada
( Ontario)

A crinoid belonging to the group Cladida. Genus includes new species K. brechinensis and K. josephi.

Lateranicrinus[109]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid. Genus includes new species L. saintlaurenti.

Lebenharticrinus[123]

Gen. et 3 sp. nov

Valid

Žítt et al.

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Santonian)[105]

Bohemian-Saxonian Cretaceous Basin

 Czech Republic
 France[124]
 Germany
 Morocco[124]
 Tunisia[124]
 United Kingdom[124]

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida. Genus includes new species L. canaliculatus, L. incisurus and L. ultimus.[105]

Lucernacrinus oculus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Magnofossacrinus[125]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Mirantsev

Carboniferous (Moscovian)

 Russia

A crinoid belonging to the family Poteriocrinidae. Genus includes new species M. domodedovoensis.

Monostychia glenelgensis[126]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sadler, Holmes & Gallagher

Miocene

 Australia

A sand dollar.

Monostychia merrimanensis[126]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sadler, Holmes & Gallagher

Miocene

 Australia

A sand dollar.

Multisievertsia[127]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Müller & Hahn

Early Devonian

 Germany

A member of Echinozoa belonging to the group Cyclocystoidea. The type species is M. eichelei.

Oepikicrinus[117]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ausich, Wilson & Toom

Silurian (Aeronian)

 Estonia

A camerate crinoid. Genus includes new species O. perensae.

Orthogonocrinus cantabrigensis[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

 Germany
 Morocco
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Paraconocrinus[111]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid

Roux, Eléaume & Améziane

Eocene

 Italy
 France
 Spain

A crinoid. The type species is "Eugeniacrinus" pyriformis Münster in Goldfuss (1826); genus also includes "Conocrinus" cazioti Valette (1924), "Conocrinus" handiaensis Roux (1978) and "Conocrinus" romanensis Roux & Plaziat (1978), as well as a new species P. pellati.

Perforocycloides[128]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ewin et al.

Silurian (Telychian)

Jupiter Formation

 Canada
( Quebec)

A member of Echinozoa belonging to the group Cyclocystoidea. The type species is P. nathalieae.

Platyhexacrinus santacruzensis[104]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Zamora

Devonian (Emsian)

Mariposas Formation

 Spain

A camerate crinoid.

Plicodendrocrinus martini[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid.

Plicodendrocrinus petryki[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid.

Pliotoxaster buitronae[129]

Sp. nov

Valid

Forner

Early Cretaceous (Aptian)

Margas del Forcall Formation

 Spain

A sea urchin belonging to the family Toxasteridae.

Pseudoconocrinus[111]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Roux, Eléaume & Améziane

Paleocene and Eocene

Crimean Peninsula
 Denmark
 France

A crinoid. The type species is "Conocrinus" doncieuxi Roux (1978); genus also includes "Democrinus" maximus Brünnich Nielsen (1915) and "Conocrinus" tauricus Klikushin (1982).

Rhenopyrgus viviani[130]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ewin et al.

Silurian (Telychian)

Jupiter Formation

 Canada
( Quebec)

A member of Edrioasteroidea.

Roveacrinus bifidus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)

 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Roveacrinus falcifer[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Roveacrinus ferrei[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Roveacrinus labyrinthus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Turonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Rozhnovicrinus[117]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ausich, Wilson & Toom

Silurian (Aeronian)

 Estonia

A eucladid crinoid. Genus includes new species R. isakarae.

Sagittacrinus transiens[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Sagittacrinus tricostatus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Saccocomidae.

Shoshonura[131]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Thuy et al.

Early Triassic

 United States

A brittle star. Genus includes new species S. brayardi.

Simcoecrinus[113]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wright, Cole & Ausich

Ordovician (Katian)

Brechin Lagerstätte

 Canada
( Ontario)

A crinoid belonging to the group Cladida. Genus includes new species S. mahalaki.

Sollasina cthulhu[132]

Sp. nov

Valid

Rahman et al.

Silurian (Wenlock)

Coalbrookdale Formation

 United Kingdom

A member of Ophiocistioidea belonging to the family Sollasinidae.

Stellacrinus angelicus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Stellacrinus delicatus[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Stellacrinus stapes[105]

Sp. nov

Valid

Gale

Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)

 France
 United Kingdom

A crinoid belonging to the group Roveacrinida and the family Roveacrinidae.

Tartucrinus[122]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ausich, Wilson & Tinn

Silurian (Aeronian)

 Estonia

A disparid crinoid. Genus includes new species T. kalanaensis.

Thalamocrinus daoustae[109]

Sp. nov

Valid

Ausich & Cournoyer

Ordovician-Silurian boundary

 Canada

A crinoid.

Totiglobus spencensis[133]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wen et al.

Cambrian (Wuliuan)

Spence Shale

 United States

A member of Edrioasteroidea belonging to the family Totiglobidae.

Conodonts

[edit]

Research

[edit]
  • A study on the feeding habits of conodonts, as indicated by data from calcium stable isotopes, is published by Balter et al. (2019).[134]
  • A study on the variation of conodont element crystal structure throughout their evolutionary history is published online by Medici et al. (2019).[135]
  • A study on the evolution of platform-like P1 elements in conodonts, evaluating its possible link to ecology of conodonts, is published by Ginot & Goudemand (2019).[136]
  • A study on the impact of early Paleozoic environmental changes on evolution and paleoecology of conodonts from the Canadian part of Laurentia is published online by Barnes (2019).[137]
  • A study on the morphology, occurrences and biostratigraphical value of Paroistodus horridus is published online by Mestre & Heredia (2019).[138]
  • A revision of the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of the Late Ordovician genera Tasmanognathus and Yaoxianognathus is published by Yang et al. (2019).[139]
  • A study on the composition and architecture of the apparatus of Erismodus quadridactylus is published by Dhanda et al. (2019).[140]
  • A study on the ontogeny of the Lochkovian conodont species Ancyrodelloides carlsi is published by Corriga & Corradini (2019).[141]
  • A study on fossils of members of the genus Alternognathus from the Upper Devonian of the Kowala quarry (central Poland), attempting to calibrate the course of their ontogeny in days and documenting cyclic mortality events, is published by Świś (2019).[142]
  • The apparatus of Vogelgnathus simplicatus is reconstructed from discrete elements from a sample of limited diversity from the Carboniferous strata from Ireland by Sanz-López, Blanco-Ferrera & Miller (2019).[143]
  • Neospathodid conodont elements with partly preserved basal body (one of two main parts of conodont elements, besides the crown) are reported from the Lower Triassic of Oman by Souquet & Goudemand (2019), who interpret their finding as indicating that the absence of basal bodies in post-Devonian conodonts was due to a preservational bias only.[144]
  • Natural assemblages of conodonts, preserving possible impressions of "eyes", are described from the Lower Triassic pelagic black claystones of the North Kitakami Belt (Japan) by Takahashi, Yamakita & Suzuki (2019).[145]
  • A study on the composition of the apparatus of Nicoraella, based on data from clusters from the Middle Triassic Luoping Biota (Yunnan, China), is published by Huang et al. (2019).[146]
  • The architecture of apparatus of Nicoraella kockeli is reconstructed by Huang et al. (2019), who also evaluate proposed functional interpretations of the conodont feeding apparatus.[147]
  • A study on Middle Triassic conodont assemblages from Jenzig section of the Jena Formation and Troistedt section of the Meissner Formation (Germany) is published by Chen et al. (2019), who also study the morphology of the apparatuses of Neogondolella haslachensis and Nicoraella germanica, and review and revise the species Neogondolella mombergensis.[148]
  • A study evaluating the quantitative morphological variation of P1 conodont elements within and between seven conodont morphospecies from the Pizzo Mondello section (Sicily, Italy) and their evolution within 7 million years around the Carnian/Norian boundary is published by Guenser et al. (2019).[149]
  • A study on the taphonomy of basal tissue of conodont elements is published online by Suttner & Kido (2019).[150]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Gnathodus lanei[151]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lane et al.

Carboniferous

Bird Spring Formation

 United States

Icriodella iberiensis[152]

Sp. nov

Valid

Voldman & Toyos

Ordovician (Katian)

Casaio Formation

 Spain

Palmatolepis chaemensis[153]

Sp. nov

Valid

Savage

Late Devonian

 Thailand

Palmatolepis thamensis[153]

Sp. nov

Valid

Savage

Late Devonian

 Thailand

Parapetella? guanyinensis[154]

Sp. nov

Valid

Jiang et al.

Late Triassic (Carnian)

 China

Polygnathus serriformis[155]

Sp. nov

Valid

Plotitsyn & Gatovsky

Devonian (Famennian)

 Russia

Polygnathus sharyuensis[156]

Nom. nov

Valid

Ovnatanova et al.

Devonian (Famennian)

Sortomael' Formation

 Australia
 Russia

A replacement name Polygnathus mawsonae Ovnatanova et al. (2017).

Polygnathus tenellus surinensis[153]

Subsp. nov

Valid

Savage

Late Devonian

 Thailand

Polygnathus tsygankoi[155]

Sp. nov

Valid

Plotitsyn & Gatovsky

Devonian (Famennian)

 Russia

Protophragmodus[157]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Zhen

Ordovician (Darriwilian and Sandbian)

Canning Basin
Glenwood Beds

 Australia
 United States

A new genus for "Phragmodus" polystrophos Watson, "Phragmodus" spicatus Watson and "Phragmodus" cognitus Stauffer.

Zieglerodina schoenlaubi[158]

Sp. nov

Valid

Corradini et al.

Devonian (Lochkovian)

 Italy

Fishes

[edit]

Amphibians

[edit]

Reptiles

[edit]

Synapsids

[edit]

Non-mammalian synapsids

[edit]

Research

[edit]
  • A study on the morphological diversity and morphological changes of the humeri of Paleozoic and Triassic synapsids through time is published by Lungmus & Angielczyk (2019).[159]
  • A study on the diversity of patterns of skull shape (focusing on the relative lengths of the face and braincase regions of the skull) in non-mammalian synapsids is published by Krone, Kammerer & Angielczyk (2019).[160]
  • Two pathologically fused tail vertebrae of a varanopid, likely affected by a metabolic bone disease closely resembling Paget's disease of bone, are described from the early Permian Richards Spur locality (Oklahoma, United States) by Haridy et al. (2019).[161]
  • Description of new skull remains of Echinerpeton intermedium and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of this species is published online by Mann & Paterson (2019).[162]
  • Fossil material of a large carnivorous synapsid belonging to the family Sphenacodontidae is described from the Torre del Porticciolo locality (Italy) by Romano et al. (2019), representing the first carnivorous non-therapsid synapsid from the Permian of Italy reported so far, and one of the few known from Europe.[163]
  • Description of the morphology and histology of a small neural spine from the Early Permian Richards Spur locality (Oklahoma, United States) attributable to Dimetrodon is published by Brink, MacDougall & Reisz (2019), who also report evidence from fossil teeth indicative of presence of a derived species of Dimetrodon (otherwise typical of later, Kungurian localities of Texas and Oklahoma) at the Richards Spur locality.[164]
  • A study on the histology of the skull roof of burnetiamorph biarmosuchians is published by Kulik & Sidor (2019).[165]
  • Femur of a specimen of the titanosuchid species Jonkeria parva affected by osteomyelitis is described from the Permian of Karoo Basin (South Africa) by Shelton, Chinsamy & Rothschild (2019).[166]
  • A study on the adaptations to herbivory in the teeth of members of the family Tapinocephalidae is published by Whitney & Sidor (2019).[167]
  • An almost complete skeleton of Tapinocaninus pamelae, providing new information on the anatomy of the appendicular skeleton of this species (including the first accurate vertebral count for a dinocephalian), is described from the lowermost Beaufort Group of South Africa by Rubidge, Govender & Romano (2019).[168]
  • Romano & Rubidge (2019) present body mass estimates for a well preserved and complete skeleton of Tapinocaninus pamelae from the lowermost Beaufort Group of South Africa.[169]
  • A study on the skull anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Styracocephalus platyrhynchus is published by Fraser-King et al. (2019).[170]
  • A study on the evolution of the sacral vertebrae of dicynodonts is published by Griffin & Angielczyk (2019).[171]
  • A study on the diversity of dicynodonts from the Upper Permian Naobaogou Formation (China) is published by Liu (2019).[172]
  • A study on skulls of South American dicynodonts, aiming to determine whether the differences in skull morphology were related to differences in feeding function, is published by Ordonez et al. (2019).[173]
  • New fossil material of Endothiodon tolani is described from the Permian K5 Formation of the Metangula Graben (Mozambique) by Macungo et al. (2019).[174]
  • A study on the anatomy of the postcranial skeleton of Endothiodon bathystoma, based on data from a new specimen from the uppermost Pristerognathus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Supergroup (South Africa), is published online by Maharaj, Chinsamy & Smith (2019).[175]
  • Small dicynodont skull assigned to the genus Digalodon is described from the Lopingian upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation (Zambia) by Angielczyk (2019), expanding known geographic range of this genus.[176]
  • Digital endocast of Rastodon procurvidens is reconstructed by de Simão-Oliveira, Kerber & Pinheiro (2019), who evaluate biological implications of the endocast morphology of this species.[177]
  • Mancuso & Irmis (2019) describe an ulna of a member of the genus Stahleckeria from the Chañares Formation (Argentina), and evaluate the implications of this finding for the knowledge of the Triassic Gondwanan biostratigraphy and biogeography.[178]
  • A study on the body mass of Lisowicia bojani is published online by Romano & Manucci (2019).[179]
  • A study on fossils of a putative Cretaceous dicynodont from Australia reported by Thulborn & Turner (2003)[180] is published online by Knutsen & Oerlemans (2019), who consider these fossils to be of Pliocene-Pleistocene age, and reinterpret it as fossils of a large mammal, probably a diprotodontid.[181]
  • A study aiming to determine patterns of morphological and phylogenetic diversity of therocephalians throughout their evolutionary history is published by Grunert, Brocklehurst & Fröbisch (2019).[182]
  • A study on variation in rates of body size evolution of therocephalians is published by Brocklehurst (2019).[183]
  • A study on the morphology of the manus of a new therocephalian specimen referable to the genus Tetracynodon from the Early Triassic of South Africa, and on the evolution of the manus morphology of therocephalians, is published by Fontanarrosa et al. (2019).[184]
  • A study on patterns of nonmammalian cynodont species richness and the quality of their fossil record is published by Lukic-Walther et al. (2019).[185]
  • A study on the morphology and bone histology of the postcranial skeleton of Galesaurus planiceps is published by Butler, Abdala & Botha-Brink (2019).[186]
  • Redescription of the anatomy of the skull of Galesaurus planiceps is published by Pusch, Kammerer & Fröbisch (2019).[187]
  • Description of teeth of all known diademodontid and trirachodontid cynodont taxa is published by Hendrickx, Abdala & Choiniere (2019), who also propose a standardized list of anatomical terms and abbreviations in the study of gomphodont teeth, assign Sinognathus and Beishanodon to the family Trirachodontidae, and consider all specimens previously referred to the species Cricodon kannemeyeri to be younger individuals of Trirachodon berryi.[188]
  • A study on the bone histology of the traversodontid cynodonts Protuberum cabralense and Exaeretodon riograndesis is published by Veiga, Botha-Brink & Soares (2019).[189]
  • Hypsodont postcanine teeth of Menadon besairiei are described by Melo et al. (2019), who also study patterns of dental growth and replacement in this species.[190]
  • Digital endocasts of Massetognathus ochagaviae and Probelesodon kitchingi are reconstructed by Hoffmann et al. (2019).[191]
  • A skull of a member of the species Massetognathus ochagaviae is described from the Carnian Santacruzodon Assemblage Zone of the Santa Maria Supersequence (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) by Schmitt et al. (2019).[192]
  • Description of brain endocasts of Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum and Exaeretodon riograndensis, using virtual models based on computed tomography scan data, is published by Pavanatto, Kerber & Dias-da-Silva (2019).[193]
  • Description of new fossil material of Siriusgnathus niemeyerorum from the Upper Triassic Caturrita Formation (Brazil) and a study on the age of its fossils is published online by Miron et al. (2019).[194]
  • A study on the evolution of infraorbital maxillary canal in probainognathian cynodonts and on its implications for the knowledge of evolution of mobile whiskers in non-mammalian synapsids, as indicated by data from skulls of non-mammalian probainognathian cynodonts and early mammaliaforms, is published online by Benoit et al. (2019).[195]
  • Digital skull endocast of a specimen of Riograndia guaibensis is reconstructed by Rodrigues et al. (2019).[196]
  • Description of the anatomy of the first postcranial specimens referable to Riograndia guaibensis is published by Guignard, Martinelli & Soares (2019).[197]
  • A study on the anatomy of the postcranial skeleton of Brasilodon quadrangularis is published by Guignard, Martinelli & Soares (2019).[198]
  • A study on tooth wear patterns of members of the family Tritylodontidae and on their possible diet is published by Kalthoff et al. (2019).[199]
  • Possible cynodont teeth, which might be the most recent non-mammaliaform cynodont fossils from Africa reported so far, are described from the Late Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous locality of Ksar Metlili (Anoual Syncline, eastern Morocco) by Lasseron (2019).[200]
  • A study on the origin of the mammalian middle ear ossicles, as indicated by the anatomy of the jaw-otic complex in 43 synapsid taxa, is published by Navarro-Díaz, Esteve-Altava & Rasskin-Gutman (2019).[201]
  • A study on the evolution of the morphological complexity of the mammalian vertebral column, as indicated by data from mammals and non-mammalian synapsids, is published by Jones, Angielczyk & Pierce (2019).[202]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Arisierpeton[203]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Reisz

Permian (Artinskian)

 United States

A member of the family Caseidae. The type species is A. simplex.

Bohemiclavulus[204]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Spindler, Voigt & Fischer

Carboniferous (Gzhelian)

Slaný Formation

 Czech Republic

A member of the family Edaphosauridae; a new genus for "Naosaurus" mirabilis Fritsch (1895). Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Cabarzia[205]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Spindler, Werneburg & Schneider

Permian (Asselian or Sakmarian)

Goldlauter Formation

 Germany

A member of Varanopidae belonging to the subfamily Mesenosaurinae. The type species is C. trostheidei.

Counillonia[206]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Olivier et al.

Most likely Early Triassic

Luang Prabang Basin
(Purple Claystone Formation)

 Laos

A Dicynodon-grade dicynodont. Genus includes new species C. superoculis.

Dendromaia[207]

Gen. et sp. nov

In press

Maddin, Mann & Hebert

Carboniferous

 Canada
( Nova Scotia)

A member of Varanopidae. Genus includes new species D. unamakiensis. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it is scheduled to be published in 2020.

Dicynodon angielczyki[208]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kammerer

Late Permian

Usili Formation

 Tanzania

Gorynychus sundyrensis[209]

Sp. nov

Valid

Suchkova & Golubev

Middle Permian

 Russia

A therocephalian belonging to the family Lycosuchidae.

G. sundyrensis (bottom)

Hypselohaptodus[210]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Spindler

Permian (Cisuralian)

 United Kingdom

An early member of Sphenacodontia; a new genus for "Haptodus" grandis. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Jiufengia[211]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Liu & Abdala

Late Permian

Naobaogou Formation

 China

A therocephalian belonging to the family Akidnognathidae. The Type species is J. jiai.

Julognathus[212]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Suchkova & Golubev

Middle Permian

 Russia

A therocephalian belonging to the family Scylacosauridae. Genus includes new species J. crudelis.

Kembawacela[213]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Angielczyk, Benoit & Rubidge

Late Permian

Madumabisa Mudstone Formation

 Zambia

A dicynodont belonging to the family Cistecephalidae. Genus includes new species K. kitchingi.

Lisowicia[214]

Gen. et sp. nov

Sulej & Niedźwiedzki

Late Triassic (late Norian-earliest Rhaetian)

 Poland

A gigantic dicynodont reaching an estimated body mass of 9 tons. The type species is L. bojani. Announced in 2018; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2019.

Mesenosaurus efremovi[215]

Sp. nov

Valid

Maho, Gee & Reisz

Early Permian

 United States
( Oklahoma)

A member of Varanopidae.

Pseudotherium[216]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Wallace, Martínez & Rowe

Late Triassic (Carnian)

Ischigualasto Formation

 Argentina

A probainognathian cynodont closely related to tritylodontids. The type species is P. argentinus.

Remigiomontanus[204]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Spindler, Voigt & Fischer

CarboniferousPermian transition

Saar–Nahe Basin

 Germany

A member of the family Edaphosauridae. Genus includes new species R. robustus. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Repelinosaurus[206]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Olivier et al.

Most likely Early Triassic

Luang Prabang Basin
(Purple Claystone Formation)

 Laos

A kannemeyeriiform dicynodont. Genus includes new species R. robustus.

Thliptosaurus[217]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kammerer

Late Permian (Changhsingian)

Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone

 South Africa

A late-surviving small dicynodont of the family Kingoriidae. Genus includes the new species T. imperforatus.

Ufudocyclops[218]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kammerer et al.

Probably Middle Triassic

Burgersdorp Formation

 South Africa

A stahleckeriid dicynodont. Genus includes new species U. mukanelai.

Vetusodon[219]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Abdala et al.

Permian (Lopingian)

Karoo Supergroup (Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone)

 South Africa

A cynodont closely related to the group Eucynodontia. Genus includes the new species V. elikhulu.

Mammals

[edit]

Other animals

[edit]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Country Notes Images

Adelochaeta[220]

Gen. et sp. nov

Han, Conway Morris & Shu in Han et al.

Cambrian Stage 3

Chiungchussu Formation

 China

A polychaete. The type species is A. sinensis.

Alfaites[221]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Valent, Fatka & Marek

Cambrian (Drumian)

Buchava Formation

 Czech Republic

A member of Hyolitha. The type species is A. romeo.

Alulagraptus[222]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

Chen et al.

Late Ordovician

 China

A graptolite. Genus includes A. ensiformis (Mu & Zhang in Mu et al., 1963).

Anomalocaris magnabasis[223]

Sp. nov

Valid

Pates et al.

Cambrian Stage 4

Carrara Formation
Pioche Formation

 United States

A member of Radiodonta. Originally described as a species of Anomalocaris, but transferred to the genus Houcaris in 2021.[224]

Archiasterella auriculata[225]

Sp. nov

Valid

Moore in Moore et al.

Cambrian

 United States
( Nevada)

A chancelloriid sclerite.

Archiasterella cometensis[225]

Sp. nov

Valid

Moore in Moore et al.

Cambrian

 United States
( Nevada)

A chancelloriid sclerite.

Archiasterella uncinata[225]

Sp. nov

Valid

Moore in Moore et al.

Cambrian

 United States
( Nevada)

A chancelloriid sclerite.

Bauruascaris[226]

Gen. et 2 sp. nov

Valid

Cardia et al.

Late Cretaceous (Campanian/Maastrichtian)

Adamantina Formation

 Brazil

An ascaridoid nematode described on the basis of fossil eggs preserved in crocodyliform coprolites. Genus includes new species B. cretacicus and B. adamantinensis.

Bicingulites nanningensis[227]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wei, Zong & Gong

Early Devonian

Nagaoling Formation

 China

A member of Tentaculitida.

Cambrachelous[228]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Geyer, Valent & Meier

Cambrian

Tannenknock Formation

 Germany

A member of Hyolitha. Genus includes new species C. diploprosopus.

Cambroraster[229]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Moysiuk & Caron

Cambrian

Burgess Shale

 Canada
 China[230][231]

A radiodont belonging to the family Hurdiidae. Genus includes new species C. falcatus.

Cephalonega[232]

Nom. nov

Valid

Ivantsov et al.

Ediacaran

 Russia

A member of Proarticulata; a replacement name for Onega Fedonkin (1976).

Chancelloria australilonga[233]

Sp. nov

Valid

Yun et al.

Cambrian Stage 4

Emu Bay Shale

 Australia

Chancelloria impar[225]

Sp. nov

Valid

Moore in Moore et al.

Cambrian

 United States
( Nevada)

A chancelloriid sclerite.

Chancelloria lilioides[225]

Sp. nov

Valid

Moore in Moore et al.

Cambrian

 United States
( Nevada)

A chancelloriid sclerite.

Cornulites sokiranae[234]

Sp. nov

Valid

Vinn, Musabelliu & Zatoń

Late Devonian

Central Devonian Field

 Russia

A member of Cornulitida.

Costatubus[235]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Selly et al.

Ediacaran

 United States

A cloudinid. Genus includes new species C. bibendi.

Costulatotheca[236]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Earp

Early Devonian

 Australia

A member of Hyolitha. Genus includes new species C. schleigeri.

Cupitheca decollata[237]

Sp. nov

Valid

Sun et al.

Early Cambrian

Yu'anshan Formation

 China

A member of Hyolitha.

Dahescolex[238]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Shao et al.

Cambrian (Fortunian)

Kuanchuanpu Formation

 China

An animal which might be a stem-lineage derivative of Scalidophora. Genus includes new species D. kuanchuanpuensis. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2020.

Daihua[239]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Zhao et al.

Cambrian Stage 3

Chiungchussu Formation

 China

A member of the total group of Ctenophora. The type species is D. sanqiong.

Dailyatia decobruta[240]

Sp. nov

Valid

Betts in Betts et al.

Early Cambrian

 Australia

A tommotiid belonging to the family Kennardiidae.

Echinokleptus[241]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Muir et al.

Ordovician (Tremadocian)

 United Kingdom

Agglutinated tubes most likely produced by a polychaete. Genus includes new species E. anileis.

Gothograptus auriculatus[242]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kozłowska et al.

Silurian

 Germany
 Lithuania
 Poland
 Sweden

A graptolite.

Gothograptus diminutus[242]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kozłowska et al.

Silurian

 Poland

A graptolite.

Gothograptus domeyki[242]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kozłowska et al.

Silurian

 Lithuania

A graptolite.

Gothograptus velo[242]

Sp. nov

Valid

Kozłowska et al.

Silurian

 Poland

A graptolite.

Grantitheca? klani[228]

Sp. nov

Valid

Geyer, Valent & Meier

Cambrian

Tannenknock Formation

 Germany

A member of Hyolitha.

Harrisgraptus[243]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

VandenBerg

Ordovician (Floian)

 Australia

A graptolite belonging to the group Dichograptina and the family Pterograptidae. The type species is "Didymograptus" eocaduceus Harris (1933).

Hexitheca washingtonensis[244]

Sp. nov

Valid

Malinky & Geyer

Early Cambrian (Dyeran)

 United States

A member of Hyolitha.

Heydenius simulphilus[245]

Sp. nov

Valid

Poinar & Currie

Eocene

Baltic amber

Europe (Baltic Sea region)

A nematode belonging to the family Mermithidae. Announced in 2019; the final version of the article naming was published in 2020.

Ipoliknus[220]

Gen. et sp. nov

Han, Conway Morris & Shu in Han et al.

Cambrian Stage 3

Chiungchussu Formation

 China

A polychaete. The type species is I. avitus.

Lonchidium cylicus[227]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wei, Zong & Gong

Early Devonian

Nagaoling Formation

 China

A member of Tentaculitida.

Nectocotis[246]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Smith

Ordovician (Katian)

Whetstone Gulf Formation

 United States
( New York)

A relative of Nectocaris; an animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a stem-cephalopod. The type species is N. rusmithi.

Normalograptus baridaensis[247]

Sp. nov

Valid

Štorch, Roqué Bernal & Gutiérrez-Marco

Ordovician (Hirnantian)

 Spain

A graptolite.

Normalograptus ednae[247]

Sp. nov

Valid

Štorch, Roqué Bernal & Gutiérrez-Marco

Silurian (Rhuddanian)

 Spain

A graptolite.

Odessites aurisites[227]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wei, Zong & Gong

Early Devonian

Nagaoling Formation

 China

A member of Tentaculitida.

Odessites nahongensis[227]

Sp. nov

Valid

Wei, Zong & Gong

Early Devonian

Nagaoling Formation

 China

A member of Tentaculitida.

Paratriplicatella[248]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Pan et al.

Early Cambrian

 China

A member of Hyolitha. Genus includes new species P. shangwanensis.

Protomicrocornus[248]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Pan et al.

Early Cambrian

 China

A member of Hyolitha. Genus includes new species P. triplicensis.

Saarina hagadorni[235]

Sp. nov

Valid

Selly et al.

Ediacaran

 United States

Shenzianyuloma[249]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

McMenamin

Cambrian

Maotianshan Shales

 China

A member of Vetulicolia. The type species is S. yunnanense.

Sialomorpha[250]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Poinar & Nelson

Eocene or Miocene

Dominican amber