Cotoname language

Cotoname
Native toMexico, United States
Regionlower Rio Grande
Extinctca. 1900
Language codes
ISO 639-3xcn
xcn
Glottologcoto1248
Map indicating where Cotoname was spoken

Cotoname[2] is a Pakawan language spoken by Native Americans indigenous to the lower Rio Grande Valley of northeastern Mexico and extreme southern Texas (United States). Today it is extinct.

All known primary witnesses to the Cotoname language were published in 2024.[3]

Vocabulary

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The following vocabulary list of Cotoname is from John Swanton (1940).[4]


gloss Cotoname
air gurám
arm, right katówan
arrow ká-u
bad kĕnáx, sá
bed kắm
belly kóx, kuwéle
below éta
bird komióm
bison wiyá-u
black baí (cf. night)
blade ĕhiá-u
blanket, American häwáss (cf. cold)
blood sä'x
blow, to pó-une
bow kémma
boy kuwósam
breast (female) kĕnám
breechclout xaguátema
buffalo wiyá-u
cactus-fig wámena
cane ká-u
chair, a náxe
chief kapitán
cloth (a small piece of cloth) huáxhe
cold häwéss
come here! sánxe
Comecrudo Aranguá, xaíma
cow wiyá-u
crane karakór
cry, to páma
dance, to okáwe
day ō'
daybreak káma
deer kĕmás
die, to wátĕxo
dog kowá-u
drink, to xuáxe
dust pó-una
earth pén
east otá-ume
eat, to haháme
evening ovx
eye arókwan
face makuát
far huánpa
feathers kuwai
female nan
fire mánĕx
flesh kĕmás
fog máyen
food haháme
foot ayésim
fox kissá
girl kuwósam
go over there! awóyo!
goat kápĕra
good kĕnáx
goose krák
grass suá-u
great katám
gun komióp
guts kuwéle
hair makuát
handkerchief huáxhe
hare gamáro
hat garópa
head makuát
high katám
hog esmók
horn yómo
horse kokátere
Indian, an xaíma
infant huwáxe
iron komióp
Karankawa Aranguá
kill, to wátxuka
knife komiópo
knife (for cutting leather) ĕhiá-u
land pén
let us go! awóyo
little kuwósam
low (said of water) xuắxe
maize tawaló
maize-husk wapxáp
male quadruped yómo
man xuaináxe
masticate, to akwanámie
meat kemás
mesquite-bush dán
metate komoí
milk kĕnám
mouse tsĕmáx
mud pén
night baí
no
north hayámta
nose yá-ĕx
ox (young) wiyá-u
painted (on body, face, etc.) tháwĕ
peccary kápio
Pintos (Indian tribe so called) tháwĕ
pipe pá-una
rabbit kiáxhem
rat tsĕmáx
red msá-ĕ
reed ká-u
rifle komióp
Rio Grande river áx̣, katám
river áx̣, katám
run, to mtára
salt dá-än
scratch, to átsiu
seat, a náxe
sheep séwuya
sing, to koyáma
sit, to páwe
sit down! páwe
sleep, to mátsĕkuka
small kuwósam
smoke, to pá-una, suá-u
snake kiá-uxa
sombrero garópa
south séta
stand, to páwia
star kápra
stick dópax
suck, to huä'xle
sun ō'
sweet yáx
sweetmeats yáx
tail (of animal) ásuxuga
Tampacuás Indian xaíma
tobacco suá-u
tortilla kamaplaí
tortoise gapáx
tree dópax
tuna wámĕna
up the country wéfta
velduque ĕhiá-u
west wéfta
what do you want? titcháx mén?
water áx̣
weep, to xákue
west wéfta
white mesó-i
wind gurám
wings miápa
within kuwéle
wolf kombóx
woman katám

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Barnes, Thomas C.; Naylor, Thomas H.; Polzer, Charles W. Northern New Spain: A Research Guide. University of Arizona. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  2. ^ Or Cotonamu.[1]
  3. ^ Haukur Þorgeirsson and Alaric Hall, 'The Cotoname Language – The Primary Sources', Zenodo (2024), doi:10.5281/zenodo.13368224.
  4. ^ Swanton, John. 1940. Linguistic material from the tribes of southern Texas and northern Mexico.
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